文章摘要
| 丽萍 卢姚宏 林色奇 朱根华 查青林.名老中医治疗便秘医案的态靶辨治规律研究[J].江西中医药大学学报,2026,38(1):17-22/26. |
| 名老中医治疗便秘医案的态靶辨治规律研究 |
| Study on the State-target Differentiation Law of Constipation Treatment Cases by Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctors |
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| DOI：10.20140/j.2095-7785.2026.01.05 |
| 中文关键词: 便秘；态靶辨治；名老中医医案；挖掘分析 |
| 英文关键词: Constipation; State-target Differentiation; Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctors Cases; Mining Analysis |
| 基金项目:江西省科技厅重点研发计划项目（20171ACG70011）；江西省科技厅重点研发计划项目（20203BBG72W008）。 |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 丽萍1 卢姚宏2 林色奇1 朱根华1 查青林2 | 1 . 江西中医药大学 南昌 330004；2 . 江西中
医药大学第二附属医院 南昌 330012 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：基于仝小林院士提出的态靶辨治理论，运用信息技术对名老中医治疗便秘医案的态靶辨治规律进行分析。方法：
根据医案的辨证、用药信息判断医案的态；根据处方方剂和中药的主治、功效、现代药理研究结果判别治疗便秘的靶方、靶药，
结合处方方剂和中药的寒热属性、功效判别其适宜的态。对态的分布规律、靶方、靶药进行描述性统计分析和关联规则分析。
结果：便秘有虚态（42，34.43%）、壅态（35，28.69%）、热态（14，11.48%）、燥态（9，7.38%）、寒态（7，5.74%）、瘀态
（3，2.46%）、郁态（1，0.91%）；便秘的调态方有大承气汤壅态9 例；麻子仁丸燥态2 例、热态3 例；济川煎寒态2 例、虚态
1 例；增液汤虚态1 例、热态1 例、燥态1 例；归脾汤虚态2 例、燥态1 例；小承气汤热态、燥态各1 例；补中益气汤虚态2 例；
生脉散、沙参麦冬汤、四君子汤、益血润肠汤、养胃汤、保和丸、连梅汤、天麻四君子汤虚态各1 例；大柴胡汤、泻黄散壅态各
1 例；橘杏麻仁丸、五仁丸燥态各1 例；附子理中丸、暖肝煎寒态各1 例；六磨汤郁态1 例；苇茎汤热态1 例。便秘的靶药（出
现频次＞20 次）有火麻仁42 次、当归41 次、白术38 次、厚朴38 次、大黄35 次、枳壳35 次、桃仁27 次、枳实24 次、肉苁
蓉23 次、白芍21 次。结论：名老中医治疗便秘以虚、壅态为主，其次为寒、热、燥、瘀态，郁态较少，根据便秘病机的发展过
程，便秘早期为郁、壅态，中期以热、燥态为主，晚期出现寒、瘀、虚态。在态靶辨治理论指导下分析名老中医治疗便秘的医案，
其理论体系简洁而精准实用，有助于名老中医经验的临床推广应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: Based on the state-target differentiation and treatment theory proposed by Academician TONG Xiaolin, information
technology is used to analyze the state-target differentiation and treatment rules of famous traditional Chinese medicine doctors in treating
constipation. Methods: Determined the status of medical records based on syndrome differentiation and medication information; identified
target prescriptions and drugs for the treatment of constipation based on the indications, efficacy, and modern pharmacological research
results of prescriptions and traditional Chinese medicines; determined the cold and heat properties and efficacy of prescriptions and
traditional Chinese medicines; and conducted descriptive statistical analysis and association rule analysis on the distribution patterns of
states, target prescriptions, and target drugs. Results: The types of constipation include deficiency (42, 34.43%), congestion (35, 28.69%),
heat (14, 11.48%), dryness (9, 7.38%), and cold manifestation (7, 5.74%), stasis state (3, 2.46%), depression state (1, 0.91%);the modulating
prescription for constipation included Dachengqi Decoctionin 9 cases of congestion state; Maziren Pills in 2 cases of dryness state
and 3 cases of heat state; there were 2 cases of Jichuan Jian for cold condition and 1 case for deficient condition; 1 case of Zengye Decoction
was for deficient condition, 1 case for hot condition, and 1 case for dry condition; 2 cases of Guipi Decoction were for deficient condition
and 1 case for dry condition; Xiaochengqi Decoction was for hot condition, 1 case for dry state, and 2 cases for deficient state of Buzhong
Yiqi Decoction; Shengmai Powder, Shasheng Maidong Decoction, Sijunzi Decoction, Yixue Runchang Decoction, Yangwei Decoction,
Baohe Pills, Lianmei Decoction, Tianma Sijunzi Decoction, 1 case each for deficiency; 1 case each of Dachaihu Decoction and Xiehuang
Powder for congestion; 1 case each of Jvxing Maren Pills and Wuren Pills for dryness; 1 case each of Fuzi Lizhong Pills and Nuanganjian
for cold condition; 1 case of Liumo Decoction for depressed state and 1 case of Weijing Decoction for hot state. Target drugs for constipation
(occurrence frequency>20 times) include hemp seeds 42 times, angelica root 41 times, Atractylodes 38 times, Magnolia officinalis 38 times,
rhubarb 35 times, Citrus aurantium 35 times, peach kernel 27 times, Citrus aurantium 24 times, and Cistanche deserticola 23 times, white
peony root 21 times. Conclusion:The states of constipation treated by famous traditional Chinese medicine practitioners are mainly asthenia
and congestion,followed by cold, heat, dryness, and blood stasis, and rarely depression. According to the development process of constipation
pathogenesis, constipation in the early stage is depression and congestion. In the middle stage, heat and dryness are the main symptoms, and
in the late stage, cold, blood stasis, and deficiency appear. Under the guidance of the theory of state-target differentiation and treatment, the
medical cases of famous traditional Chinese medicine doctors treating constipation are analyzed. Its theoretical system is concise, precise
and practical,which is helpful for the clinical promotion and application of the experience of famous traditional Chinese medicine doctors. |
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