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文章摘要

李翔胡雪婉查敏冯育林杨世林张婧.基于网络药理学探究白头翁皂苷B4 对乳腺癌小鼠抗肿瘤的作用机制[J].江西中医药大学学报,2026,38(1):93-100.

基于网络药理学探究白头翁皂苷B4 对乳腺癌小鼠抗肿瘤的作用机制

Network Pharmacology-Based Antitumor Mechanism of Anemoside B4 in Breast Cancer Mice

DOI：10.20140/j.2095-7785.2026.01.19

中文关键词: 白头翁皂苷B4；肿瘤免疫微环境；乳腺癌；网络药理学

英文关键词: Anemoside B4;Tumor Immune Microenvironment; Breast Cancer; Network Pharmacology

基金项目:江西省青年井冈学者项目（QNJG2018077）。

作者	单位
李翔¹ 胡雪婉¹ 查敏¹ 冯育林¹ 杨世林¹ 张婧^2,3	1 . 江西中医药大学中药固体制剂制造技术国家工程研究中心南昌 330006；2 . 现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室南昌 330004；3 . 经典名方现代中药创制全国重点实验室南昌 330004

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中文摘要:

目的：运用网络药理学技术，并结合动物实验，探讨白头翁皂苷B4 调节小鼠乳腺癌肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）及抗肿瘤的作用机制。方法：采用网络药理学，利用相关数据库筛选白头翁调节TIME 的活性成分，检索TIME 相关靶点，将成分与靶点取交集，运用STRING 数据库构建蛋白交互作用（PPI）网络，DAVID 数据库进行基因本体（GO）和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析，Cytoscape 软件构建成分- 靶点- 通路网络分析关键通路，以获得白头翁皂苷 B4 的预测作用靶标。建立乳腺癌动物模型，白头翁皂苷B4 水溶液进行干预，通过流式细胞术检测肿瘤免疫相关细胞的含量，并采用Western Blot 法检测肿瘤中STAT3 蛋白的表达。结果：网络药理学分析显示，白头翁调节TIME 的核心成分中白头翁皂苷B4 主要作用于STAT3 靶标基因。GO 富集分析发现白头翁调节TIME 参与的生物学过程主要有肽酪氨酸磷酸化、肽酪氨酸修饰等；KEGG 富集通路结果显示，EGFR 酪氨酸激酶抑制剂耐药性、内分泌抗药性、癌症中的蛋白多糖等富集程度较高。动物实验结果表明，白头翁皂苷B4 水溶液在高、低2 个剂量下均可显著抑制肿瘤生长，其中白头翁皂苷B4 高剂量组减少Tregs 细胞、TLR4+ 细胞的含量作用更为明显。Western Blot 实验发现，与模型组比较，经白头翁皂苷B4 治疗瘤内STAT3 蛋白表达显著下调。结论：白头翁皂苷B4 可能通过抑制免疫抑制细胞的活性或数量，减少肿瘤的免疫逃逸和免疫抑制微环境，增强机体抗肿瘤免疫反应，主要作用于STAT3 靶标基因，下调其瘤内蛋白表达，为其在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

Objective: To explore the mechanism of anemoside B4 in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and its anti-tumor effect through network pharmacology techniques combined with animal experiments. Methods: With the help of network pharmacology, relevant databases were used to screen the active components of Pulsatilla chinensis that regulate TIME, and the TIME related targets were retrieved. The components and targets were intersected. The STRING database was used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, the DAVID database was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and the Cytoscape software was used to construct a component-target-pathway network to analyze the key pathways, to obtain the predicted action targets of anemoside B4 . A breast cancer animal model was established and intervened with an aqueous solution of anemoside B4 . Flow cytometry was used to detect the content of tumor immunity-related cells, and the Western Blot method was used to detect the expression of STAT3 protein in tumors. Results: Network pharmacology analysis showed that among the core components of Pulsatilla chinensis that regulate TIME, anemoside B4 mainly acts on the STAT3 target gene. GO enrichment analysis found that the biological processes involved in the regulation of TIME by Pulsatilla chinensis mainly included peptide tyrosine phosphorylation, peptide tyrosine modification, etc.; the results of KEGG pathway enrichment showed that the enrichment degrees of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, endocrine resistance, proteoglycans in cancer, etc., were relatively high. The results of animal experiments showed v

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